WEEK 3 (12-16 OCTOBER)

Dear All!
It has been a tough week. As you may know we missed 5 class hours due to Level Change Exam and the bomb explosion in Ankara:(( Thus, we are behind the schedule.

We have revised some vocabulary related to the weather in Module 2a:

Temperature	Sun	Rain
Mild Chilly Freezing Boiling	Shine Clear skies	Shower Drizzle Pour Wet
Wind	Cloud	Storm
Blow Breeze	Foggy Overcast Dull	Thunder Lightning Blizzard

Other new words are as follows:

Block (v)	Bystander	Jungle
Land (v)	Overturn	Resident
Skid	Slide (v)	Violent

We have had the chance to compare Simple Past and Past Continuous Tense. Check the irregular verbs here.

Simple Past vs. Past Progressive Tense

Remember- the simple past talks about something that happened before. It happened and it finished. Some words are regular and just have -ed added at the end like walked, helped, and played. Others are irregular and have many variations like ate, began, and slept.

The past progressive talks about something that was happening before, but for a period of time. It uses was or were + verb-ing like was eating or were playing. It gives a background for something that was happening while a different event happened.

Example: While I was eating, the telephone rang.

So, during the time I was eating (let's say from 6:30-7:00 p.m.) somebody called my house (let's say they called at 6:49p.m.) One thing happened (simple past) during the period of time another thing was happening (past progressive.)

Here is another example: They saw an old man as they were walking down the street.

You can think of walking as a video. You see the movement. You see the time passing. Think ofsaw as a photo. It is one point of time. You don't think of the time passing.

I dreamed in English when I was sleeping.

She was listening to the radio when the mail came.

They visited Sydney when they were traveling in Australia.

Here is a link to practice Past Simple and Past Continuous.

When /While /As

We use when, while and as to talk about situations or actions that occur simultaneously.

1. They can be used to introduce a longer action or situation, which was / is going on when another situation occurred / occurs.

As I was sleeping, the door bell rang.
While you were studying, your friend called you.

Note: The main clause and as / while clauses can be in reversed order.

The doorbell rang as I was sleeping.
Your friend called you while you were studying.
Note:

Continuous tense is preferred for the longer action or situation (was eating / are walking) however note that we can use “as and while” with a simple tense with a state verb. (sit, grow, be)

As I was at home, the postman came.

2. We prefer while to talk about two simultaneous actions that go / went on together.

While I was a taking shower, my mother was cleaning the attic.
My mother was cleaning the attic while I was taking a shower.

Note: we can also use simple tenses for the same meaning. 

While I took a shower, my mother cleaned the attic.

3. We prefer as to talk about two things that change together in time.

As you eat more, you will gain more weight. 
As you study more, you will get better grades.

4. We use when to talk about phases of life. 

When you were a kid, you used to be so shy. (not while or as)

5. We prefer (just) as to talk about two consecutive events or actions that occurred simultaneously.

As he opened the drawer, he took out an old photo.
Just as my father came in, the phone rang.

6. We use reductions with when and while.

Don’t forget to take a map with you when going camping.
Tell me when ready.
While a student, I used to live with me family.

Module 2b

As you may remember we read 'The Dakar Rally' and covered the following vocabulary.

   

annual	Assist-Assistant	Attend- Attendant	Breathtaking
Compete- Competitor	Contest - Contestant	Convention- Conventional	Cyclist
Edit-Editor	Endure-Endurance	Extraordinary	Fatal
Incident	Instruct-Instructor	Journal-Journalist	Land (n,v)
Measures	Mud	Organize -Organizer	Participate- Participant
Race (n,v)-Racer	Remain	Sand dune	Spectator
Tough	Train - Trainer	Challenge (n, v)	Distance
Finalist	Lead-Leader	Quad	Test (n,v)

Remember the following suffixes help you understand the part of speech.

-er: loser, trainer, leader, reporter, traveler, .....
-or: instructor, survivor, editor, visitor,....
-ist: cyclist, finalist, journalist, ...
-ant: contestant, attendant, assistant, ....

“No more”, “no longer”, “not anymore”

We use no longer or not any longer to talk about the end of an action or state. No longer is more formal:

One day I could stand it no longer.

I couldn’t stand it any longer. I walked out and didn’t go back.

No longer often comes in the normal mid position for adverbs (between the subject and main verb, or after the modal verb or first auxiliary verb, or after be as a main verb), especially in more formal styles:

She no longer wears the dull colours of her former life and now dresses in bright, fashionable clothes.

In very formal styles, we can use no longer in front position, with the subject and verb inverted:

No longer does he dream of becoming famous. He knows his life will be very ordinary.

No longer or not any longer are the opposite of still.

Compare

She no longer works here. She doesn’t work here any longer.	She isn’t working here now.
She still works here.	She is working here now.

We use Not any longer as a response on its own. However, we don’t use No longer as a response on its own:

A:

Are you still living in London?

B:

Not any longer.

You love me no more.

You no longer love me.

You don't love me anymore.

No more and not any more are determiners and adverbs.

No more, not any more as determiners

We use no more and not any more as determiners to talk about an absence of something that was once there. No more is more formal thannot any more:

I will ask no more questions. (formal)

I won’t ask any more questions. (informal)

There’s no more cake. They’ve eaten it all. (or There isn’t any more cake.)

No more, not any more as adverbs

We use no more and not any more as adverbs to talk about something stopping or ending. No more is more formal than not any more:

The army has arrived. We should fear no more. (formal)

I wouldn’t worry any more if I was you. Everything will be okay. (informal)

No more … than, Not any more … than

We use no more … than or not any more … than to talk about comparative quantities and degrees. No more than is more formal thannot any more than:

It does not tell you much. There is no more detail than in the instructions.(formal)

Flying there isn’t any more expensive than getting the train. (informal)

Part 1: Writing
A: Read the writing task and the story on page 24. Answer the questions below:

What did Paul and Frank wonder?
What was the weather like?
Where were they?
Could they use the car or their cell phones?
How did they feel?
What did they decide to do?
What happened to Paul as they were walking?
Could he walk?
What did Frank decide to do?
Why did Frank stop after a while?
What did they decide to do?
What did Paul do?
Was he in pain?
Was his ankle swollen?
Why was Frank scared stiff?
What did he see a moment later?
Who was it?
How did Frank feel?

B: Use the time linkers below and complete the exercise on page 25.

When	At first	Just as
While	In the beginning	Till/until
As	During	Immediately
As soon as	Soon	Finally
Before	Later	In the end
After	Then
After that	At that moment
After a while	A moment later

C:  Read the writing task and complete the outline story on page 25.

D: Look at the plan taken from page 133 below, use the TIP on page 25 and write your story by 18.10.2015 by 17:00

PLAN

Introduction : Describe the setting of the story (time, place, weather, etc.) and introduce the main character(s).

Main Part (2-3 paragraphs): Mention what happened, what the character(s) did, saw, heard, said, etc. and how they felt.

Conclusion: Describe what happened in the end and make a short comment.

Part 2: Review-  Complete the Review Section on page 26

Part 3: Workbook Module 2- Complete Module 2 in your Workbook

Have a nice weekend.....